Finding a specific case within the vast Westlaw database can feel like searching for a needle in a haystack. But with the right techniques, navigating Westlaw becomes efficient and empowering. This guide provides multiple methods to pinpoint your desired case quickly, saving you valuable research time.
Understanding Westlaw's Search Capabilities
Before diving into specific methods, understanding Westlaw's core functionalities is crucial. Westlaw uses a variety of search methods, including keyword searching, citation searching, and natural language searching. Knowing which method to use depends on the information you have available.
Keyword Searching:
This method is best when you know some details about the case, like the parties involved, the subject matter, or a key phrase from the opinion. However, be mindful of using relevant keywords and potentially employing Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) to refine your search. Westlaw’s sophisticated algorithm will consider variations and stemming.
Citation Searching:
If you know the case's citation (e.g., Smith v. Jones, 123 U.S. 456), this is the fastest and most accurate method. Simply enter the citation directly into the search bar. This eliminates any ambiguity.
Natural Language Searching:
For broader searches, natural language searching allows you to type in a question or statement as you would in everyday conversation. Westlaw will interpret your query and return relevant results. This method is particularly useful when you aren't sure of the exact details but have a general idea of the case's subject.
Proven Methods to Locate a Specific Case in Westlaw
Here are several proven strategies to efficiently find your target case within the Westlaw system. Experiment with different approaches to find what works best for your research style.
Method 1: Using the Citation (Most Efficient)
This is the gold standard. If you possess the citation, input it precisely into Westlaw's search bar. Westlaw will immediately direct you to the case. This method guarantees accuracy and speed.
Example: Enter "123 U.S. 456" or "Smith v. Jones, 123 U.S. 456" to directly access the case.
Method 2: Leveraging Key Facts and Keywords
When you only have key facts or keywords, employ a strategic search approach:
- Identify Key Terms: Extract the most relevant terms from the case details (parties' names, location, subject matter, significant facts).
- Combine Keywords: Use Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) to refine your search, connecting related terms effectively. For instance, "contract breach AND California AND damages".
- Explore Related Documents: Once you get results, meticulously check the summaries and headnotes of the cases listed. This could lead you to the correct one.
- Refine Your Search: If the initial results are unsatisfactory, adjust your keywords or Boolean operators until you refine the search to a manageable number of hits.
Method 3: Utilizing Westlaw's Advanced Search Options
Westlaw offers advanced search options that enable precise searches:
- Date Limiting: Specify a date range to narrow down results.
- Jurisdiction Limiting: Restrict your search to specific jurisdictions.
- Court Limiting: Filter your search by court type (e.g., Supreme Court, District Court).
- Headnote Searching: Search within case headnotes using keywords to find relevant summaries.
Using these features significantly increases your chances of finding your target case, saving valuable research time and improving overall efficiency.
Method 4: Employing the "KeyCite" Feature
If you have a related case, use Westlaw's KeyCite feature. KeyCite will show you cases that have cited the related case – your target case might appear in that list.
Mastering Westlaw: Continuous Improvement
Proficiency in Westlaw comes with consistent use and experimentation. Don't be discouraged by initial challenges. The more you practice these methods, the faster and more effectively you will retrieve the specific cases you need. Embrace the learning curve and refine your search strategies over time. Your research efficiency will greatly improve, making you a more confident and empowered legal researcher.
